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Inka numbers, khipu, and yupana: A reanalysis
Cinzia Florio, Karenleigh A. Overmann, 2025. SocArXiv.
Re-reads Guamán Poma's 1615 yupana drawing as a multiplication algorithm and argues that Inka numbers were non-positional and lacked a concept of zero.
What it's used for here
The published challenge to the positional reading of the knot numbers.
Our copy
Research copy, for editors and curators. The work is the publisher's, so readers are sent to it. We keep this copy so the citation can be checked if the page changes or goes.
osf.io · fetched 28 Oct 2026
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Cited by on this site 4 records
Inka khipus: the knotted-cord records
MYSThe mystery article
Cite it
Florio, C., & Overmann, K. A. (2025). Inka numbers, khipu, and yupana: A reanalysis. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w5yck_v1
@article{florio2025inka,
author = {Florio, Cinzia and Overmann, Karenleigh A.},
title = {Inka numbers, khipu, and yupana: A reanalysis},
journal = {SocArXiv},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.31235/osf.io/w5yck_v1},
url = {https://osf.io/w5yck_v1}
}TY - GEN TI - Inka numbers, khipu, and yupana: A reanalysis AU - Florio, Cinzia AU - Overmann, Karenleigh A. PY - 2025 JO - SocArXiv DO - 10.31235/osf.io/w5yck_v1 UR - https://osf.io/w5yck_v1 ER -
Florio, Cinzia and Karenleigh A. Overmann. “Inka numbers, khipu, and yupana: A reanalysis.” SocArXiv (2025). https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w5yck_v1.