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Upper Limit on the Non-Gravitational Acceleration and Lower Limits on the Nucleus Mass and Diameter of 3I/ATLAS
Richard Cloete, Abraham Loeb, Peter Vereš, 2025. arXiv.
From MPC astrometry to 23 September 2025, finds no acceleration above about 3 × 10^-10 au per day squared and, with the JWST mass-loss rate, infers a nucleus mass above 3.3 × 10^16 g and a diameter above 5 km. Posted 24 September 2025.
What it's used for here
The large-size claim that later Hubble and acceleration measurements did not support.
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Research copy, for editors and curators. The work is arXiv-nonexclusive, so readers are sent to it. We keep this copy so the citation can be checked if the page changes or goes.
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1I/'Oumuamua
MYSThe mystery article
Cite it
Cloete, R., Loeb, A., & Vereš, P. (2025). Upper Limit on the Non-Gravitational Acceleration and Lower Limits on the Nucleus Mass and Diameter of 3I/ATLAS. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21408
@article{cloete2025upper,
author = {Cloete, Richard and Loeb, Abraham and Vereš, Peter},
title = {Upper Limit on the Non-Gravitational Acceleration and Lower Limits on the Nucleus Mass and Diameter of 3I/ATLAS},
journal = {arXiv},
year = {2025},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21408}
}TY - GEN TI - Upper Limit on the Non-Gravitational Acceleration and Lower Limits on the Nucleus Mass and Diameter of 3I/ATLAS AU - Cloete, Richard AU - Loeb, Abraham AU - Vereš, Peter PY - 2025 JO - arXiv UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21408 ER -
Cloete, Richard et al.. “Upper Limit on the Non-Gravitational Acceleration and Lower Limits on the Nucleus Mass and Diameter of 3I/ATLAS.” arXiv (2025).