How were the blocks raised onto the pyramid?
Most likely: shorter, steeper ramps were used with post-and-rope haulage of the kind excavated at Hatnub, combined with…Ahead on the evidence, not yet confirmed. It needs two reviews to be accepted.
Where it stands
Five answers have been proposed. Shorter, steeper ramps were used with post-and-rope haulage of the kind excavated at Hatnub, combined with… leads, with evidence 1 for, 1 against: partly supported by its tests. Four are still possible.
Answers 5
History
- Arnold puts forward: a single straight ramp from the quarry side, lengthened and raised as the pyramid grew.
- Arnold puts forward: a ramp wound round the faces on the unfinished steps or on brick supports.
- Arnold: no ramp remains have been found at the Great Pyramid.Against: A single straight ramp from the quarry side, lengthened and raised as the pyramid grew.
- Arnold: the core quarry lies 300 m south of the pyramid, on the line a straight ramp would take.For: A single straight ramp from the quarry side, lengthened and raised as the pyramid grew.
- Arnold: a spiral ramp hides the corners that surveyors needed to keep the faces true.Against: A ramp wound round the faces on the unfinished steps or on brick supports.
- Arnold: wrap-around ramp traces exist at some Old and Middle Kingdom pyramids.For: A ramp wound round the faces on the unfinished steps or on brick supports.
- Morishima et al. puts forward: an internal ramp inside the outer part of the pyramid carried blocks to the upper courses (Houdin).
- Morishima et al.: muon imaging found a void above the Grand Gallery, not a spiral corridor near the faces; the authors did not…Against: An internal ramp inside the outer part of the pyramid carried blocks to the upper courses (Houdin).
- University of Liverpool: the Hatnub ramp served a quarry, not a pyramid; no equivalent is known at Giza.Against: Shorter, steeper ramps were used with post-and-rope haulage of the kind excavated at Hatnub, combined with…
- Gourdon et al. puts forward: shorter, steeper ramps were used with post-and-rope haulage of the kind excavated at Hatnub, combined with…
- Gourdon et al.: a ramp with flanking staircases and post holes, dated to Khufu's reign, hauled alabaster up slopes of 20 per…For: Shorter, steeper ramps were used with post-and-rope haulage of the kind excavated at Hatnub, combined with…
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