# Montemurro 2026: A Zipf-preserving, long-range correlated surrogate for written language and other symbolic sequences

> Marcelo A. Montemurro, Mirko Degli Esposti, 2026. 2 records on Mysteries Department cite it. The bioinformatics and inductive-methods surveys adopt it as…

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[Sources](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources)[Voynich Manuscript](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript)Montemurro 2026

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# A Zipf-preserving, long-range correlated surrogate for written language and other symbolic sequences

Marcelo A. Montemurro, Mirko Degli Esposti, 2026. _Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications_.

Proposes a way to make shuffled versions of a symbol sequence that keep both its word frequencies and its long-range correlations, using fractional Gaussian noise, for written language, DNA and other symbol sequences.

**Voynich Manuscript** Preprintdoi: **[10.1016/j.physa.2025.131227](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2025.131227)** Checked against the original0

## What it's used for here

The bioinformatics and inductive-methods surveys adopt it as a null model that keeps word frequencies and the DFA exponent while scrambling short-range structure.

## Cited by on this site 2 records

[2 methods surveys]

Signal processing, inductive methods

SRC

## Cite it

```
Montemurro, M. A., & Degli Esposti, M. (2026). A Zipf-preserving, long-range correlated surrogate for written language and other symbolic sequences. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2025.131227
```

[Read it free at doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2025.131227)[PDF stored here · 10 pages](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources/SRC0D8MS85A48VF/a-zipf-preserving-long-range-correlated-surrogate-for/pdf)

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