# Angelotti 2026: Complete virtual unwrapping and reading of a rolled Herculaneum papyrus > Giorgio Angelotti, Stephen Parsons, Federica Nicolardi et al., 2026. 29 records on Mysteries Department cite it. The main source for the 2026 results… Source: https://mysteriesdept.com/sources/SRC0D367HFP2ZBK/complete-virtual-unwrapping-and-reading-of-a-rolled Publisher: Mysteries Department Licence: CC BY 4.0 (credit Mysteries Department and link the page) --- [Sources](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources)[Herculaneum Papyri and the Vesuvius Challenge](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri)Angelotti 2026 **0** # Complete virtual unwrapping and reading of a rolled Herculaneum papyrus Giorgio Angelotti, Stephen Parsons, Federica Nicolardi et al., 2026. _arXiv_. Reports the complete virtual unwrapping and reading of PHerc. 1667 from BM18 synchrotron scans, direct volumetric ink segmentation in PHerc. Paris. 4 that confirms the 2023 machine-learning reading, and the title of PHerc. 139 (Philodemus, On Gods, Book 8). Includes the scan protocol, the unwrapping and ink pipeline, and the Greek transcription with translation. **Herculaneum Papyri and the Vesuvius Challenge** PreprintCopy of **[PHerc. 1667 (Vesuvius Challenge Scroll 4)](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/artifacts/ART0D36867R0QD6/pherc-1667-vesuvius-challenge-scroll-4)** Checked against the original0 ## What it's used for here The main source for the 2026 results, the physical history of PHerc. 1667 and the data and code statements. ## Cited by on this site 29 records [The 2026 pipeline (BM18 scanning at about 2.4 µm, semi-automatic surface tracing and learned ink detection)…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/answers/ANS0D367WF82EJD/the-2026-pipeline-bm18-scanning-at-about-2-4-m-semi) Answer ANS [The library held a wider philosophical collection, including Stoic and other works now lost, that the sealed…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/answers/ANS0D3681V45JBT/the-library-held-a-wider-philosophical-collection-including) Answer ANS [The readings reflect real ink, as shown by independent imaging and independent readers.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/answers/ANS0D367Z565VAY/the-readings-reflect-real-ink-as-shown-by-independent) Answer ANS [The treatise is by another Stoic of the late third or second century BC, possibly in Chrysippus's school.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/answers/ANS0D3683SM47FF/the-treatise-is-by-another-stoic-of-the-late-third-or-second) Answer ANS [PHerc. 139 (Philodemus, On Gods, Book 8)](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/artifacts/ART0D36886872JM/pherc-139-philodemus-on-gods-book-8) ART [PHerc. 1667 (Vesuvius Challenge Scroll 4)](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/artifacts/ART0D36867R0QD6/pherc-1667-vesuvius-challenge-scroll-4) ART [PHerc. Paris. 4 (Vesuvius Challenge Scroll 1)](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/artifacts/ART0D3686Z63881/pherc-paris-4-vesuvius-challenge-scroll-1) ART [PHerc. 1667 (Vesuvius Challenge Scroll 4): transcription](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/copies/CPY0D3687703MP5/pherc-1667-vesuvius-challenge-scroll-4-transcription) CPY [PHerc. 1667: Greek transcription and English translation](https://mysteriesdept.com/datasets/DAT0D3685R450B3/pherc-1667-greek-transcription-and-english-translation) Dataset DAT [About 70 per cent of PHerc. 172 had been digitally unwrapped by mid-2026.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367WYW5RJ6/about-70-per-cent-of-pherc-172-had-been-digitally-unwrapped) Evidence EVD [For PHerc. 1667 a held-out column was used for validation and text emerged in it as training iterated.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367ZWM726M/for-pherc-1667-a-held-out-column-was-used-for-validation-and) Evidence EVD [In the 2.4 µm BM18 scan of PHerc. Paris. 4, ink deposits 10 to 20 µm thick are directly visible and match the…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367ZD04989/in-the-2-4-m-bm18-scan-of-pherc-paris-4-ink-deposits-10-to) Evidence EVD [Iterative self-labelling on the same roll can reinforce early errors; the 2026 paper marks uncertain letters…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D3680C85NK2/iterative-self-labelling-on-the-same-roll-can-reinforce) Evidence EVD [Lexical and conceptual features, and the Aristocreon reference, point to a Stoic context dated around the end…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D36841E7446/lexical-and-conceptual-features-and-the-aristocreon) Evidence EVD [PHerc. 139 is Philodemus, On Gods, Book 8.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D3681BG6349/pherc-139-is-philodemus-on-gods-book-8) Evidence EVD [PHerc. 1667 is an ethical treatise with Stoic vocabulary that names Aristocreon, Chrysippus's nephew and…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D36822Y6W39/pherc-1667-is-an-ethical-treatise-with-stoic-vocabulary-that) Evidence EVD [PHerc. 1667 is only an 8 cm by 2 cm core, so its success says little about tracing a full 4 to 6 cm roll.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367X6P672V/pherc-1667-is-only-an-8-cm-by-2-cm-core-so-its-success-says) Evidence EVD [PHerc. 1667's preserved surface, about 860 square centimetres in 22 columns, was unwrapped and transcribed…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367WQ27RGQ/pherc-1667s-preserved-surface-about-860-square-centimetres) Evidence EVD [The 2026 paper names variation in ink recipe, contaminants, deposit shape and preservation as reasons the…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D367Y5Y30FW/the-2026-paper-names-variation-in-ink-recipe-contaminants) Evidence EVD [The editors date the copy to the second century BC and do not name an author.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D3683HT6C7G/the-editors-date-the-copy-to-the-second-century-bc-and-do) Evidence EVD [The mention of Aristocreon, Chrysippus's nephew and pupil, ties the text to his circle.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/evidence/EVD0D3683A05YRA/the-mention-of-aristocreon-chrysippuss-nephew-and-pupil-ties) Evidence EVD [Angelotti and colleagues post the full method and readings on arXiv](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/events/EVT0D367V864RRB/angelotti-and-colleagues-post-the-full-method-and-readings) EVT [The Vesuvius Challenge opens with public CT data and prizes](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/events/EVT0D367T8Y0MQJ/the-vesuvius-challenge-opens-with-public-ct-data-and-prizes) EVT [Nat Friedman](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/people/FIG0D367Q3C06M3/nat-friedman) FIG [The Herculaneum Papyri and the Vesuvius Challenge](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri) The mystery article MYS [Are the machine-learning ink readings real ancient text rather than artefacts of the models?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/questions/QST0D367VQT7R26/are-the-machine-learning-ink-readings-real-ancient-text) Question QST [Can the sealed Herculaneum rolls be read in full, non-invasively, at the scale of the whole library?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/questions/QST0D367VG00XNS/can-the-sealed-herculaneum-rolls-be-read-in-full-non) Question QST [What do the still-sealed rolls contain?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/questions/QST0D367VZM0NNS/what-do-the-still-sealed-rolls-contain) Question QST [Who wrote the treatise in PHerc. 1667?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/herculaneum-papyri/questions/QST0D367W7E3GZG/who-wrote-the-treatise-in-pherc-1667) Question QST ## Cite it ``` Angelotti, G., Parsons, S., Nicolardi, F., Nader, Y., Johnson, S., Josey, D., Henderson, P., Schilling, H., Rudolph, J., McDonald, F., Dal Prá, E. R., Tafforeau, P., Mirone, A., Parker, C. S., Posma, J. P., Kyles, B., Vergara, C., Lavorante, A., Villa, R., Robustelli, M. C., D'Angelo, M., Del Mastro, G., McOsker, M., Fleischer, K., Chapman, C., Friedman, N., & Seales, W. B. (2026). Complete virtual unwrapping and reading of a rolled Herculaneum papyrus. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.29085 ``` [Read it free at arxiv.org](https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.29085) Key **SRC** 0D367HFP2ZBK Kind Preprint Rights arXiv-nonexclusive Kept 27 Oct 2026, for editors Checked Against the published original Added by [apollo](https://mysteriesdept.com/u/apollo) The record Bibliographic records are CC0. Take this one as CSL-JSON, BibTeX or RIS. [CSL-JSON](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources/SRC0D367HFP2ZBK/complete-virtual-unwrapping-and-reading-of-a-rolled/csl.json)