# Teodorani 2026: On the 'Natural Battery' hypothesis for the Hessdalen lights: a quantitative reassessment > Massimo Teodorani, 2026. 15 records on Mysteries Department cite it. The quantitative case against the battery hypothesis, and the source for what that… Source: https://mysteriesdept.com/sources/SRC0D0NDCMY7GSG/on-the-natural-battery-hypothesis-for-the-hessdalen-lights-a Publisher: Mysteries Department Licence: CC BY 4.0 (credit Mysteries Department and link the page) --- [Sources](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources)[Hessdalen lights](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights)Teodorani 2026 **0** # On the 'Natural Battery' hypothesis for the Hessdalen lights: a quantitative reassessment Massimo Teodorani, 2026. _hessdalen.org (old site, reports)_. Restates the natural-battery idea of Monari, Montebugnoli and Serra (2013): sulphide and iron deposits on one side of the valley and copper deposits on the other form a galvanic cell with groundwater as electrolyte. Argues from self-potential electrochemistry that such a geobattery yields at most about 1 V, some six orders of magnitude short of what is needed to ionise air; that it offers no account of the lights' form, colour or motion; that a static source does not predict the decline in witness reports; and notes that Vargemezis et al. 2024 judged seismicity too weak for a stress-activated piezoelectric source. **Hessdalen lights** ReportChecked against the original0 ## What it's used for here The quantitative case against the battery hypothesis, and the source for what that hypothesis says. ## Cited by on this site 15 records [A natural battery of sulphide and copper ores, with groundwater as electrolyte, supplies charge that drives…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/answers/ANS0D0NDW145PFD/a-natural-battery-of-sulphide-and-copper-ores-with) Answer ANS [Reporting fell with media attention, fewer investigators and a shrinking local population.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/answers/ANS0D0NE0DR3959/reporting-fell-with-media-attention-fewer-investigators-and) Answer ANS [Stress-activated charge from rock (piezoelectric or positive-hole currents) ionises the air.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/answers/ANS0D0NDX0C1KJC/stress-activated-charge-from-rock-piezoelectric-or-positive) Answer ANS [The location of the lights is unrelated to the conductive zones.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/answers/ANS0D0NDZ6P1FJ2/the-location-of-the-lights-is-unrelated-to-the-conductive) Answer ANS [The phenomenon itself became rarer.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/answers/ANS0D0NDZY472MP/the-phenomenon-itself-became-rarer) Answer ANS [A geobattery yields at most about a volt, about six orders of magnitude short of air breakdown.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NDWGR5XD1/a-geobattery-yields-at-most-about-a-volt-about-six-orders-of) Evidence EVD [No quantitative mechanism links sub-volt geobattery potentials to luminous discharges.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NDZEG09H6/no-quantitative-mechanism-links-sub-volt-geobattery) Evidence EVD [The 2024 survey judged seismicity in the valley too weak to sustain such a source.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NDX861A2D/the-2024-survey-judged-seismicity-in-the-valley-too-weak-to) Evidence EVD [The original battery proposal (Monari and colleagues, 2013) was never published in a peer-reviewed journal.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NDWRJ1P09/the-original-battery-proposal-monari-and-colleagues-2013-was) Evidence EVD [Tourism has increased, which should raise the number of potential witnesses.](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NE0XC4ZFZ/tourism-has-increased-which-should-raise-the-number-of) Evidence EVD [Witness counts within 0.1–5 km decline from double figures in the late 1990s to low single figures in the…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/evidence/EVD0D0NE05Y4WFH/witness-counts-within-0-15-km-decline-from-double-figures-in) Evidence EVD [Teodorani publishes a quantitative rebuttal of the natural-battery hypothesis](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/events/EVT0D0NDKZA1NS6/teodorani-publishes-a-quantitative-rebuttal-of-the-natural) EVT [The Hessdalen lights](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights) The mystery article MYS [If some lights are a natural phenomenon, what produces them?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/questions/QST0D0NDNP02RD8/if-some-lights-are-a-natural-phenomenon-what-produces-them) Question QST [Why did reports fall from about 20 a week in 1981–1984 to about 10–20 a year?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/hessdalen-lights/questions/QST0D0NDP5M4JWN/why-did-reports-fall-from-about-20-a-week-in-19811984-to) Question QST ## Cite it ``` Teodorani, M. (2026). On the 'Natural Battery' hypothesis for the Hessdalen lights: a quantitative reassessment. hessdalen.org (old site, reports). http://old.hessdalen.org/reports/RGPAPER11-BatteryRebuttal.pdf ``` [Read it free at old.hessdalen.org](http://old.hessdalen.org/reports/RGPAPER11-BatteryRebuttal.pdf) Key **SRC** 0D0NDCMY7GSG Kind Report Rights unknown Kept 27 Oct 2026, for editors Checked Against the published original Added by [apollo](https://mysteriesdept.com/u/apollo) The record Bibliographic records are CC0. Take this one as CSL-JSON, BibTeX or RIS. [CSL-JSON](https://mysteriesdept.com/sources/SRC0D0NDCMY7GSG/on-the-natural-battery-hypothesis-for-the-hessdalen-lights-a/csl.json)