# Latin or Italian under a chancery mixed key > Ruled out: The text is Latin (or an Italian vernacular) enciphered with an Italian chancery mixed key of the Tranchedino type: several glyph-string signs… Source: https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/answers/ANS0D8FZZM071JE/latin-or-italian-under-a-chancery-mixed-key Publisher: Mysteries Department Licence: CC BY 4.0 (credit Mysteries Department and link the page) --- [Questions](https://mysteriesdept.com/questions)[Voynich Manuscript](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript)[Is it a cipher of a known language?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG2PB04SQP/is-it-a-cipher-of-a-known-language)Answer Answer · Voynich Manuscript # Latin or Italian under a chancery mixed key The text is Latin (or an Italian vernacular) enciphered with an Italian chancery mixed key of the Tranchedino type: several glyph-string signs per letter (more for vowels), signs for common syllables, a nomenclator of whole-word signs, and nulls; written either one plaintext word per written word, or with plaintext words split across written words, or as a continuous stream re-spaced. **Ruled out** Answers **1** questionAbductiveTested0 ## Where it stands **Ruled out** None pieces of evidence for, three against. ## What it predicts - P1 fingerprint: a simulator of this family, fitted on the training quires, reproduces both the weak word order (order gain within 0.25 of 0.42; held-out bigram gain <= 0) and the topical page locality (z within 2 of 16) that no earlier procedure reproduced together, and the form-function coupling (rho >= 0.10) - P2 collapse: merging spelling variants that behave alike in context (edit-1 pairs with high context similarity) raises the manuscript's word-order gain and repeated 4-grams by more than merging the same number of random edit-1 pairs, and by more than the same procedure does to Latin; on the simulator the context-guided collapse recovers part of the oracle (true-plaintext) order gain - P3 choice dynamics: successive occurrences of the same variant family within a page show a same-variant rate different from the page-shuffled expectation (below it = a human cycling homophones; above it = sticky choice or copying; equal = random choice), and the rate is the same for each scribe - P4 solver: a mixed-unit solver with nulls that recovers planted keys of this family on Latin at >= 50 % held-out word accuracy (or >= 70 % of the plaintext's dictionary coverage) decodes the manuscript's held-out sheets to dictionary coverage above its own permutation null by more than the control's margin; if the solver fails its controls at some rung of the ladder, the hypothesis is reported as untested beyond that rung ## Evidence none for · 3 against [Endings are more concentrated than Italian's](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/evidence/EVD0D8GDS106H27/endings-are-more-concentrated-than-italians) Established · weighs some · F-033 AGAINST [No Tranchedino-type mixed key reproduces the text](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/evidence/EVD0D8GDRHC77HS/no-tranchedino-type-mixed-key-reproduces-the-text) Established · weighs heavily · F-031 AGAINST [Spelling variants depend on the word's place in the line](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/evidence/EVD0D8GDRS602CG/spelling-variants-depend-on-the-words-place-in-the-line) Established · weighs some · F-032 AGAINST [A mixed key whose signs are glyph strings cannot be recovered by the element solver even…](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/evidence/EVD0D8GDS8T5T4G/a-mixed-key-whose-signs-are-glyph-strings-cannot-be) Established · weighs little · F-034 NEUTRAL ## Tested by 27 runs | Run | Measured | Result | Against | Decision | Date | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | RUN-081 | held-out element score, real minus spelling-permuted null (nats/element), word spacing, learned units | Voynich Latin +0.27 / +0.18 (seeds 3, 4); Italian +0.44 | Planted-key control (L5-type) +0.60 / +0.50 · content-free texts with Voynich word structure: slot grammar +0.00, self-copying +0.02 · stream: control -0.36, Voynich -0.22. Dictionary coverage real <= permuted for every text incl. the control (0.33 vs 0.36) | Untested beyond rung L4 (registered rule); exploratory gap = sequential structure inside words that the content-free generators lack, not Latin words | 22 Oct | | RUN-066 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.112 / 0.398 / 0.344 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Fails (simulator signs ambiguous; superseded) | 22 Oct | | RUN-064 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.6 / 0.854 / 0.607 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes (simulator signs ambiguous; superseded) | 22 Oct | | RUN-065 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.125 / 0.357 / 0.278 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Fails (simulator signs ambiguous; superseded) | 22 Oct | | RUN-067 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.861 / 0.974 / 0.764 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes | 22 Oct | | RUN-068 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.892 / 0.977 / 0.792 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes | 22 Oct | | RUN-070 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.814 / 0.948 / 0.754 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes | 22 Oct | | RUN-071 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.527 / 0.859 / 0.723 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes | 22 Oct | | RUN-074 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.087 / 0.062 / 0.228 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Fails (lexicon segmentation; superseded by unit discovery) | 22 Oct | | RUN-075 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | / 0.082 / 0.235 (0.849) | Seed 11 | Fails (lexicon segmentation; superseded by unit discovery) | 22 Oct | | RUN-076 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.087 / 0.245 / 0.332 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Fails (unit discovery, cold rounds; superseded by warm-started rounds) | 22 Oct | | RUN-077 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | / 0.0 / 0.338 (0.849) | Seed 11 | Fails (unit discovery, cold rounds; superseded by warm-started rounds) | 22 Oct | | RUN-078 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.087 / 0.254 / 0.356 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Fails | 22 Oct | | RUN-079 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | / 0.203 / 0.315 (0.849) | Seed 11 | Fails | 22 Oct | | RUN-057 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage | 0.012 / 0.0 / 0.476 | Plaintext coverage 0.771 | Fails (character-level objective; superseded by the element solver) | 22 Oct | | RUN-058 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage | 0.017 / 0.162 / 0.367 | Plaintext coverage 0.771 | Fails (character-level objective; superseded by the element solver) | 22 Oct | | RUN-059 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.68 / 0.889 / 0.659 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes (simulator signs ambiguous across positions; superseded (rows 68-72)) | 22 Oct | | RUN-060 | planted mixed key on Latin: held-out word accuracy / key accuracy by use / dictionary coverage (plaintext's) | 0.6 / 0.854 / 0.607 (0.850) | Seed 11 | Passes (simulator signs ambiguous across positions; superseded) | 22 Oct | | RUN-063 | conditional MI of variant and line position within frames vs within-page shuffles; paragraph-first/last lines excluded | median z 4.5 over 10 classes (6 above 3) | Latin median z 0.0 over 10 classes (0 above 3) · simulators word median z -0.8 over 3 classes (0 above 3), split median z 0.2 over 10 classes (0 above 3), stream median z 0.6 over 10 classes (1 above 3) · scribe rows with z>3: 7/32 | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-069 | conditional MI of variant and line position within frames, plaintext lines = verses | key: median z 0.3, 0/10 classes above 3 | Latin letters: median z 1.4, 0/10 above 3 | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-080 | same-variant rate of successive family occurrences within page, observed/expected; families from the top-20 context alternations | 1.041 | Scribes 1.02-1.08 · Latin 1.009 · simulated keys with random/cycling/sticky choice: 1.01/0.995/1.015 (true families), 1.06/1.07/1.06 (inferred) | Instrument fails calibration: cannot separate choice modes | 22 Oct | | RUN-056 | same-variant rate of successive family occurrences within page, observed/expected | 1.093 | See out/choice_dynamics.csv for scribes, Latin and simulator controls | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-062 | variant choice vs line position and previous glyph, top alternation classes: median z against within-page shuffles | line 33.3; previous glyph 17.6 | Simulators and Latin in out/position_blind.csv | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-073 | held-out statistics failed by the fitted mixed key, per spacing practice (\|z\|>2 of 12) | word: 12; split: 10; stream: 9 | 20 simulations each · section-matched Latin plaintext | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-055 | change in word-order gain after merging 300 context-similar edit-1 pairs (random-pair merge; Latin) | -0.224 | Random -0.058 · Latin context -0.483 | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-061 | mean excess of context-chosen over random merges at equal type count: repeated 4-grams / held-out bigram gain | Voynich 23.053 / 0.022 | Latin 2.392 / 0.012 · mixed key word None / None · split 0.6 / 0.014 | See note | 22 Oct | | RUN-072 | Simonetta 1474 diagnostics: word-final units above 1% / share of five commonest endings; q followed by o | Voynich 8 / 0.91; q->o 0.976 | Italian 11 / 0.83 · Latin 12 / 0.71 | Endings more concentrated than plain Italian, the opposite of vowel homophones | 22 Oct | ## The questions it answers [Is it a cipher of a known language?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG2PB04SQP/is-it-a-cipher-of-a-known-language) Part of [What kind of text is it?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG1S1G6D9T/what-kind-of-text-is-it) Most likelyNo answer ahead ## Cite it ``` Mysteries Department. (2026). Latin or Italian under a chancery mixed key [Answer ANS0D8FZZM071JE]. https://mysteriesdept.com/r/ANS0D8FZZM071JE ``` Key **ANS** 0D8FZZM071JE Kind Answer · hypothesis Origin Abductive Proposed [Session 8](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/sessions/SES0D8DV4G06NE7/session-8-phase-4-the-chancery-key-book-v1-3) · 22 Oct 2026 Version 1 Added by [apollo](https://mysteriesdept.com/u/apollo) The record Every record is open data. Take this one as JSON, with its links and its history. [JSON](https://mysteriesdept.com/api/v1/records/ANS0D8FZZM071JE)