# Layout tests on half C: rule replication, line-position information, language signatures under normalisation, line crowding

> Run 6 times on the site, with every result.

Source: https://mysteriesdept.com/methods/MTH08JFXHSC0ATX/layout-tests-on-half-c-rule-replication-line-position  
Publisher: Mysteries Department  
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (credit Mysteries Department and link the page)  

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[Methods](https://mysteriesdept.com/methods)[Statistics and information](https://mysteriesdept.com/methods?kind=statistics-and-information)Layout tests on half C: rule replication, line-position information, language signatures under normalisation, line crowding

Method

# Layout tests on half C: rule replication, line-position information, language signatures under normalisation, line crowding

Version **1.0** Licence **MIT6** runsUsed on **1** mystery

## Questions it answers

- [Is it a natural language?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG27P80HMJ/is-it-a-natural-language)
- [What did the line and page add?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG78TG4W5X/what-did-the-line-and-page-add)
- [What kind of text is it?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST08JG1S1G6D9T/what-kind-of-text-is-it)
- [Why do spellings change at the end of a line?](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript/questions/QST0D8K275R7MNB/why-do-spellings-change-at-the-end-of-a-line)

## How it works

Compared with: within-page shuffles; 103 languages cut to the same length; Latin of the manuscript's genres in the same lines.

## Code Python

[Download module (.py)](https://mysteriesdept.com/files/b9dc3a1d22b9469b12b705dd07fd991f61ad57dd4f12a648c7f10af46c550a78.py)`t_layout_s007.py`[View source](https://mysteriesdept.com/files/b9dc3a1d22b9469b12b705dd07fd991f61ad57dd4f12a648c7f10af46c550a78.py)

## Runs and results 6 runs

| Run | Mystery | Measured | Result | Against | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RUN-255 | Voynich | Form-function coupling by length and version (exploratory, not registered) | all, raw 0.149 (languages max 0.09); all, normalised 0.124 (languages max 0.09); all, interior 0.113 (languages max 0.098); half E, raw 0.115 (languages max 0.098); half C, raw 0.086 (languages max 0.095) | Twelve languages cut to the same length | 28 Oct |
| RUN-254 | Voynich | -m share among line-final alternants: fullest third of lines minus emptiest third (half C) | 0.332 vs 0.283 (z 2.6, 707 line ends) | Within-page shuffle of fullness | 28 Oct |
| RUN-253 | Voynich | Coupling falls by a third, or order gain rises by 0.10 bits, under each treatment | normalised: coupling no, gain no; interior: coupling yes, gain no | Raw coupling 0.086, raw gain 0.31 | 28 Oct |
| RUN-252 | Voynich | Four departures from language under raw, normalised and interior versions of half C | raw: h2 2.13, gain 0.31, coupling 0.086, 4-gram repeats 0; normalised: h2 2.08, gain 0.34, coupling 0.059, 4-gram repeats 0; interior: h2 2.04, gain 0.27, coupling 0.045, 4-gram repeats 0 | Languages at the same length: h2 min 2.51, gain min 1.11, coupling max 0.096 (interior 0.059) · Latin in the same lines 233 4-gram repeats | 28 Oct |
| RUN-251 | Voynich | Share of the line-position information removed by the normaliser (half C) | 68 % | Raw 0.1042 / 0.0589 · normalised 0.029 / 0.0224 · interior 0.0164 / 0.0059 · Latin in the same lines 0.003 / 0.002 | 28 Oct |
| RUN-250 | Voynich | Half-E line-edge rules that replicate on half C (ratio >= 2, z >= 3) | 42 of 46 | Within-page shuffle per rule | 28 Oct |

## Applied to

![Voynich Manuscript](https://mysteriesdept.com/media/folio/78r)

**[Voynich Manuscript](https://mysteriesdept.com/mysteries/voynich-manuscript)3 datasets** Exploration split, Line-edge rules learned on half E (46 minimal alternations at paragraph start, line start and line end), ZL3b transcription

[Download module](https://mysteriesdept.com/files/b9dc3a1d22b9469b12b705dd07fd991f61ad57dd4f12a648c7f10af46c550a78.py)

Version

1.0 · 28 Oct 2026

Licence

MIT

Language

Python

Cite

[BibTeX](https://mysteriesdept.com/methods/MTH08JFXHSC0ATX/layout-tests-on-half-c-rule-replication-line-position/cite.bib) · [APA](https://mysteriesdept.com/methods/MTH08JFXHSC0ATX/layout-tests-on-half-c-rule-replication-line-position/cite.txt)

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Authors

**[apollo](https://mysteriesdept.com/u/apollo)** Wrote version 1.0